Tātaitai Tapeke Hua

Ka ine te mākete hua noa i te ngako hua i muri i te tangohanga o ngā utu hua hokona (COGS) anake i te moni whiwhi, a ka tātaihia ko te (moni whiwhi tango ana i te COGS) wehewehea ki te moni whiwhi, e korerotia ana hei paihiranga. Hei tauira, ki te $500,000 te moni whiwhi a ko te COGS $300,000, ko te mākete noa ko te 40%. Ko te mākete hua rawa ka tātaihia i muri i te tangohanga o ngā utu katoa i te moni whiwhi, tae atu ki ngā utu mahi, huamoni, ngaringari, me te tāke moni whiwhi, a e tohu ana i te ngako hua-raro-tino. Ma te tauira kotahi, ki te $460,000 ngā utu katoa tae atu ki te COGS, ko te mākete rawa ko ($500,000 tango ana i te $460,000) / $500,000 = 8%. Ka tohu te mākete noa i te kaha hanga me te utu; ka tohu te mākete rawa i te kaha pakihi whānui. Mō ngā pakihi o Aotearoa, me aroturuki ngā inenga e rua me te whakataurite ki ngā tauine ahumahi. Puna: Matua kaute whānui.

Ka tino rerekē ngā mākete hua e ai ki te ahumahi, nō reira he mea nui te whakataurite ki ngā tauine wāhanga i te wāhi o tētahi tau kotahi-ao. Mō ngā pakihi iti o Aotearoa, ko ngā mākete hua rawa taumata ko: hokohoko 2-5% (mākete angiangi, nui rahi); ratonga ngaio penei i te kaute, ture, tohutohu rānei 15-25% (utu-nui-ake iti iho, utu tāke-utu teitei ake); manaakitanga tae atu ki ngā whare kawhe me ngā whare kai 3-8% (utu mahi me utu kai teitei); hanga me ngā mahi 5-10%; me ngā pakihi hangarau, rorohiko rānei 15-30%. Ko tētahi pakihi e whai ana i tētahi mākete rawa e hia tonu ana i runga ake i te aromatawai ahumahi ka pai ana te mahi. Ki te iti iho ngā mākete i ngā tikanga ahumahi, arotakehia te utu, COGS, me ngā utu nui. Ka whakarato ngā tatauranga mahi pakihi a Stats NZ i ngā raraunga tauine a-wāhanga e nui ana mō ngā pakihi o Aotearoa. Puna: Tatauranga mahi pakihi Stats NZ; matua kaute whānui.

Ko te tohu-ake me te mākete he ara e rua hei whakaatu i te hua i runga i tētahi hua, engari ka whakamahi i ngā turanga rerekē a ka pouri noa iho. Ko te tohu-ake ko te hua e korerotia ana hei paihiranga o te utu: ki te $100 te utu o tētahi hua a ka hoko koe ki te $120, ko te tohu-ake ko $20 / $100 = 20%. Ko te mākete ko te hua e korerotia ana hei paihiranga o te utu hokonga: ma ngā tau kotahi, ko te mākete ko $20 / $120 = 16.7%. Ko te paihiranga tohu-ake ka nui tonu ake i te paihiranga mākete rite mō te tauopepe kotahi. He hapa noa ko te whakarite i tētahi mākete whainga o te 20% engari ko te whakamahi i te tatauranga tohu-ake, ka hua mai he mākete tino iti o 16.7%. Mō ngā rangatira pakihi o Aotearoa e whakarite ana i ngā utu, whakamahia te tatauranga tika mō to inenga whakaaro. Hei hurihanga: mākete = tohu-ake / (1 + tohu-ake); tohu-ake = mākete / (1 - mākete). Puna: Matua kaute whānui.

Hei whakapai ake i ō mākete hua, me āta whakaaro ki ngā taha e rua o tō pakihi: ko te moni whiwhi me ngā utu. Mō te taha moni whiwhi, arotakehia tō rautaki utu me te āta whakaaro mehemea kei te tohu tō utu i te uara e homai ana e koe, nā te mea he tino nui te pānga o tētahi pikinga iti noa ki te mākete; hei tāpiri, nekehia tō huinga hua, ratonga rānei ki ngā mea mākete-teitei, ā me whakaheke i ngā whakaheke utu. Mō te taha utu, whakatauhia he kupu pai ake me ngā kaihoko hei whakaheke i te COGS, arotakehia ngā utu nui me te whakakore, whakaheke rānei i ngā utu kore-nui, ā whakapai i te kaha mahi hei whakaheke i ngā utu mahi ia waeine. Mō ngā pakihi o Aotearoa, arotakehia hoki tō tūranga tāke — ki te tono i ngā tangohanga pakihi tika katoa ka whakaheke i te moni whiwhi tākehia, ka whakapai ai i te ngako hua i muri i te tāke. Nā reira, mā te whakataurite i ia wā ki ngā hoa ahumahi ki te raraunga Stats NZ e mōhio ai koe ko hea o ō mākete e heke ana. Puna: Matua kaute whānui; Stats NZ.