Tātaitai BMI

Ka tātau te BMI (Tohu Tinana) ma te wehewehe i to taumaha ki ngā kirograma ki to teitei ki ngā mita rua (kg/m2). Ko te whakaraupapanga a te WHO (Umanga Hauora ao) mō ngā pakeke ko: Iti iho i te 18.5 — Iti-taumaha; 18.5 ki te 24.9 — Taumaha hauora; 25.0 ki te 29.9 — Taumaha neke atu; 30.0 neke atu — Momona (me ngā āhua tapeke 30.0-34.9 momona waenganui, 35.0-39.9 momona taumaha, me te 40+ momona tino taumaha). Ko te BMI hauora 18.5-24.9 ka hono ki te morearea iti iho o ngā mate manawa, mate huka 2, me ngā mate hauora maha kē atu. Heoi anō, ko te BMI he taputapu whakatewhatewha tirohanga whānui ehara he āhua katoa o te hauora takitahi. Kāore e motuhake ana i waenga i te momona me te niao, kāore rānei e arohia ana ko hea e hora ana te momona i roto i te tinana. Ka whakamahi a Te Manatu Hauora o Aotearoa i ngā whakaraupapanga WHO hei tohu tohu tikanga. Puna: Manatu Hauora (health.govt.nz); WHO (who.int).

Ka mōhio a Te Manatu Hauora o Aotearoa ka kore pea e rite ngā taupae BMI tikanga a WHO ki ngā ropu iwi katoa. Mō ngā iwi Ahia, ka tōpu te Manatu i ngā taupae BMI iti ake (23+ mō te taumaha neke atu me te 27.5+ mō te momona) nā te mea ka nui ake a tikanga te wāhanga momona o te tinana o ngā iwi Ahia i te BMI kotahi me ngā iwi Pākehā, ko te tikanga ka puta ngā tūraru hauora i ngā uara BMI iti ake. Mō ngā Māori me ngā iwi Pasifika, he māramatanga arotahi neke atu. Ka tohu ētahi rangahau he nui ake a tikanga te niao me te paakaaukau o ngā iwi Pasifika i te toharite, ko te tikanga ka taea e ngā taupae tikanga WHO te karo i te momona me te morearea hauora e hono ana i ēnei iwi. Heoi anō, ka pā tonu ki ngā Māori me ngā iwi Pasifika i Aotearoa ngā āhua mate hono-momona tino nui ake tae atu ki te mate huka 2, mate manawa, me ētahi mate pukupuku. Ka tohutohuhia ngā ngaio hauora o Aotearoa ki te whakamahi i te BMI tahi me ētahi atu aromatawai pērā i te āwhiowhio i te hope i te wā e aromatawai ana i ngā tuuroro takitahi. Puna: Manatu Hauora (health.govt.nz).

He taputapu tirohanga whānui te BMI, ā, he ngāwari, he whānui te whakamahinga. Heoi anō, kua roa nei te kōrerotia o ōna herenga hei tohu hauora takitahi. Tuatahi, kāore te BMI e wehewehe ana i te niao me te niao torokaha — ko te kaimahi pakari, taumaha hoki te niao, ka taka pea ki te wāhanga "taumaha neke atu" ahakoa he iti tonu tōna momona. Tuarua, ko te tangata he BMI hauora tāna ka momona pakutano tonu (arā, te momona huri noa i ngā tinana o roto), ā, kei reira ngā tūraru hauora nui. Kāore hoki te BMI e aro ana ki ngā rerekētanga pakeke, ira tangata, ahurea rānei o te hanganga tinana. E ai ki ngā rangahau, ko te āwhiowhio hope, ko te ōwehenga hope-ki-te-teitei rānei, he tohu pai ake mō te morearea mate manawa me te mate metabolika i te BMI anake. Nā reira, e tūtohu ana Te Manatū Hauora o Aotearoa kia whakamahia ngātahitia te BMI me te āwhiowhio hope hei tikanga matua whakamātau aorahi. Mēnā he nui ake i te 88 cm te āwhiowhio hope mō te wahine, 102 cm rānei mō te tāne, kei te piki te morearea hauora, ahakoa te BMI. Ehara te BMI i te tauwehe — me whai aromatawai aorahi anō. Puna: Manatū Hauora (health.govt.nz).

E ai ki te Rangahau Hauora o Aotearoa, tata ki te 34% o ngā pakeke o Aotearoa (15 tau neke atu) ka whakaraupapa hei momona (BMI 30+). Nā reira, ko Aotearoa tētahi o ngā whenua OECD tino teitei rawa atu mō te momona pakeke. Hei tāpiri, ko ētahi atu 34% ka whakaraupapatia hei taumaha neke atu (BMI 25–29.9). Ko te tikanga, kei runga ake i te wāhanga taumaha hauora te tata ki ngā hautoru e rua o ngā pakeke o Aotearoa. Mai i ngā tau 1990, kua piki tonu ngā reanga momona, i ahu mai i ngā hurihanga o te kai, te kori tinana, ngā taiao kai, me ngā kaupeka ōhanga pāpori. Ahakoa tēnei, he nui ake rawa atu te momona o ngā pakeke Māori me ngā iwi Pasifika i tērā o ngā Pākehā me ētahi atu o Aotearoa. He kaupeka matua te momona o ngā mate hauora ka tāpaehia, tae atu ki te mate huka 2, mate manawa, me ētahi mate pukupuku, ka nui ana hoki ki ngā utu pūnaha hauora. Ka aroturuki a Te Manatū Hauora i ēnei āhuatanga mā te Rangahau Hauora o Aotearoa a-tau. Ko te whakatikatika i te momona he whāinga matua o te rautaki hauora o Aotearoa. Puna: Manatū Hauora (health.govt.nz).