Tātaitai Raima

Hei tātai i te nui raima e hiahia ana mō tētahi papatahi, whakareatia te roa ki te whanua ki te maro - katoa i tohua i ngā mita - hei tiki i te hua i roto i ngā mita pukoro (m3). Hei tauira, ko tētahi papatahi 4 mita te roa, 5 mita te whanua, me te 0.1 mita (100mm) te maro e hiahia ana i te 4 x 5 x 0.1 = 2.0m3 raima. Tapirihia i ngana e 10% atu hei āhua mō te kiko-kore o te papamaro, ngā maringi, me te rere-ake i ngā taha, nā reira rarangatia te 2.2m3 i tēnei tauira. Mō ngā āhua panoni, wehea te rohe ki ngā tapawhā me te tapiri i ngā nui. Whakaarohia anō ngā taha maro-ake, ngā tāheke rānei. Mō ngā papatahi mairaro, ko te nui raima kāore e hurihia engari me tātau wehewehe i ngā nui uaua me ngā maatiti. Puna: Firth Industries firth.co.nz; Cement and Concrete Association NZ.

Ko te raima rite-tonu i Aotearoa ka utu tika ki te $200-350 ia mita pukoro mō tētahi hono 25 MPa noa, e ai ki tō rohe me te kaihokohoko. Ko te nuinga o ngā kaihokohoko raima-rite-tonu he kawemai iti o te 3-4 mita pukoro, nā reira ko ngā mahi iti ka whara i tētahi tāpiri kawemai-poto ka taea te tāpiri $100-200 ki te ota. Ko te tukutuku ka whakauruhia noa iho i roto i tētahi ara iti, me ngā utu tāpiri mō ngā tawhiti roa ake. Ki te kore te taraka e taea te tae ki te wāhi ringi, ka tāpiri te rēti pāmu raima ki te $500-1,000 ia rā. Ko ngā hono motuhake (kaha-nui, tae, pūngao-whakaatu) ka nui ake te utu. Whakaritea tonu ngā utu me ngā kaihokohoko a-rohe penei i a Firth, Holcim, me Allied Concrete, nā te mea ka rerekē ngā utu e ai ki te rohe. Puna: Firth Industries firth.co.nz; Cement and Concrete Association NZ.

E tata ana ki te 108 x 20kg pēke pēke raima e hiahia ana hei hanga kotahi mita pukoro (1m3) raima hono, e ai ki te hua noa o tata ki te 9.3 rita ia pēke 20kg. Nā reira he pai ngā pēke pārata mō ngā mahi iti penei i te whakarite pou, te whakakiki kohao, me te whakahou taura, engari he maha rawa atu te mahi me te utu mō ngā nui neke atu i te 0.5m3. Ko ngā pēke pēke raima i Aotearoa ka utu tika ki te $10-15 ia pēke 20kg i ngā toa utauta, nā reira ko te 1m3 pēke raima ka utu tata ki te $1,080-1,620 mō ngā rauemi anake - he nui ake i tērā o te raima rite-tonu ($200-350/m3). Mō ngā mahi neke atu i te 0.5m3, he rite-pūtea ake te ota raima rite-tonu. Puna: Firth Industries firth.co.nz; Cement and Concrete Association NZ.

Ko ngā hiahia kaha raima i Aotearoa ka whakaritea i roto i ngā megapascal (MPa) a ka whakaaro ki te whakamahinga. Ko ngā papatahi papa me ngā ara taraiwa a-kāinga ka hiahia tika i te 25-30 MPa raima. Ko ngā taura mō ngā whare a-kāinga ko te 20-25 MPa noa. Ko ngā wāhanga hanganga penei i ngā pou me ngā kaho ka whakaritea e tētahi kaiwhaihanga hanganga, ko te 30-40 MPa noa, nui ake rānei. Ko te NZS 3109 (Hanga Raima) ka whakarite i te tauanga o Aotearoa mō ngā hanga raima, ko te NZS 3101 ka uhi i te hoahoa raima mairaro. Ka tukuna e ngā kaihokohoko raima-rite-tonu ngā hono noa ki te 17.5, 20, 25, 30, me te 40 MPa. Mō Aotearoa ruarua-rū, ko te raima kaha-nui ake me te mairaro ngawari ka hiahia i ngā wāhanga hanganga e ai ki te NZS 3101. Puna: NZS 3109 Hanga Raima; Firth Industries firth.co.nz.